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2023年高考英语模拟试题与答案,2023高考全国卷语文模拟试题

时间:2023-02-15 17:02:53来源:97高考网

今天来为大家分享一下2023年高考英语模拟试题与答案,2023高考全国卷语文模拟试题问题,大家要是还不太明白的话,也没有关系,因为接下来将为大家分享,希望可以帮助到大家,解决大家的问题。

2023年高考语文模拟试题

一、现代文阅读(35分)

(一)现代文阅读I(本题共5小题,19分)

阅读下面的文字,完成1~5题。

材料一:

《流浪地球》的票房奇迹,加上此前《三体》的热销,刘慈欣的作品影响巨大,但社会各界的评价却颇有两极分化之势。

刘慈欣对文笔也并不是没有自觉。他评价阿西莫夫的文笔,“平直、单色调、刚硬、呆板……几乎所有这类文学上的负面词都可以用来形容他的文笔”,却又话锋一转,表示“这种笔调无论如何是不适合文学的,但却很适合科幻,也使他的小说风靡世界”。刘慈欣对于他敬仰的阿西莫夫的描述,显然也适用于他自己的文风。

(摘编自冰村《刘慈欣:黄金年代的守望者》)

材料二:

2009年高考英语模拟试题卷

2023年高考英语模拟试题及答案

(试卷满分150分,考试时间120分钟)

考生注意事项:

1.答卷前,着生务必将自已的姓名、准考证号填写在答題卡上。

2.回蓉选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用2B铅笔把答題卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改

动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时,将答案写在答题卡上,写在本试卷

上无效。

第一部分听力(共20小题;共两节,满分30分) (略)

第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)

第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)

阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、BC和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。

2023年高考英语模拟试题与答案

本试卷满分 150 分,考试时间 120 分钟。

注意事项 :

1. 答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号等信息填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。

2. 回答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。

回答非选择题时,将答案写在答题卡上,写在本试卷上无效。

3. 考试结束,考生将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分   听力 ( 共两节,满分 30 分 ) (略)

第二部分   阅读理解 ( 共两节,满分 40 分 )

第一节  ( 共 15 小题;每小题 2 分,满分 30 分 )

阅读下列短文,从每题所给的 A 、 B 、 C 和 D 四个选项中,选出最佳选项。

A

You might have heard a lot about ancient towns and ancient cities in China. Here, we list several of the most beautiful ancient villages in China.

Baoshan Stone City, Yunnan Province

Baoshan Stone City was built on a huge mushroom-shaped rock, and only has about one hundred houses. The houses are laid out in an orderly way, built on the rock, and linked by stone steps. The Naxi people there still lead an original life and grow crops in terraces ( 梯田 ); you can experience the colorful culture of the Naxi ethnic ( 民族的 ) group there.

Tuvas Village in Kanas, Xinjiang

Kanas Tuvas Village is near the mysterious Lake Kanas. The small village is located in a valley, and only has about 80 houses. These Swiss-style wooden houses are all surrounded by wooden fences. Tuvas is an ancient minority group. They traditionally lived as hunter-gathers. You can visit a local family, go herding ( 放牧 ) with the locals and experience the peaceful ancient village life.

Jiaju Tibetan Village, Danba, Sichuan Province

Xijiang Miao Village, Guizhou Province

If you re interested in the Miao Minority, Xijiang Miao Village can be a great destination for deepening your understanding of Miao history and culture. It’s the largest Miao village in China, and now has 1432 households with a population of over 5000, of which 99.5% are Miao ethnic group. It’ s also famous for the houses built on stilts ( 支柱 ) of different heights.

1. What can you do in Kanas Tuvas Village?

A. Hike in terraces.

B. See houses of a foreign style.

C. Go hunting with the locals.

D. Learn about houses built on stilts.

2. Where can you admire the houses like castles?

A. In Baoshan Stone City.  B. In Kanas Tuvas Village.

C. In Jiaju Tibetan Village.  D. In Xijiang Miao Village.

3. What can we infer about the villages mentioned in the text?

A. They remained secret to the outside world in the past.

B. They were originally built to defend their homeland.

C. They are still cut off and difficult to access nowadays.

B

I was in the seventh grade, and we had moved to New Jersey in November. By then, everyone already had had their own friends, and no one wanted to talk to a new girl. To make things worse, they put me in “Section L”. I found out later that everyone called Section L “Loserville”. It was sort of an open secret that it was the section for troublemakers and not-so-smart kids. When I found out, I wanted to scream. I had always been a good student and had amazing friends, and now everyone thought I was a loser!

I did text my friends in Illinois almost every night, especially my best friend, Ana. At first my friends wanted to hear all about it. But then some stopped texting back once I said something about how miserable I was. One night when I was texting with Ana, I complained about another friend who had just done that.

Ana’s texts came really fast for the next few minutes and they surprised me. She said that she was tired of hearing about how bad everything was in New Jersey, too. She said she did not want to hurt my feelings but that I needed to stop feeling so sorry for myself all the time, I had to try to make things better.

The next day, I thought a lot about what Ana had said. She was right!

I wish I could say that everything changed overnight after that, but it didn’t. I was still stuck in “Loserville”, and some people were still mean to me, even though I tried to just stay out of their way.

But what did change was me—I stopped feeling so sorry for myself and did something about making friends. I signed up to make sets for the school play. I met a lot of new people there, and suddenly I had friends to say hi to in the halls!

I still miss Illinois sometimes, but life in New Jersey isn’t so hard anymore. Even though I couldn’t change my situation, I could change my attitude—and that made all the difference.

A. failures  B. good students

C. class secrets  D. newcomers

A. Ana didn’t text back to her  B. her friends hurt her feelings

C. she was unfairly treated  D. she was a good student

6. What made a difference in changing the situation?

A. She went back to Illinois.

B. She ended friendship with Ana.

C. She fought back with her classmates.

D. She began to make friends with others.

A. Lasting Friendship  B. An Incidence at School

C. Say Goodbye to “Loserville”  D. Unhappiness in “Loserville”

C

Russians and migrants have repeatedly flooded in Moscow recently. Many migrants from ex-Soviet republics in Central Asia, the Caucasus (高加索)  and North Caucasus, arrive in Moscow every year, attracted by the capital’s job opportunities and relatively high salaries. A significant number of them work in the Russian capital illegally.

The new guide in Russian seeks to explain the "dos" and "don’ts" to migrants. They are urged not to cause trouble, by staring at women, or eating or talking loudly on the streets. They are also warned that the police may routinely (例行公事)  stop them to check their documents.

In the manual, Russia’s famous "three warriors" are meant to represent the city’s law enforcement agencies (执法机关) , while Prince Yuri Dolgoruky (a historical character) is used for tours around Moscow. Meanwhile, Vasilisa the Wise and The Snow Maiden test the reader on Russia’s language and history. A special section of the book explains the importance of following Moscow’s strict residency and employment rules, stressing that migrants could otherwise be deported( 驱逐出境 ) or banned from entry.

The manual was written primarily for illegal migrants, Alexander Kalinin, who heads the group Support for Working Migrants in Moscow, told BBC Russian.

"We want to raise their level of law awareness," he added.

Migrant characters had initially( 最初 ) been identified as representatives of different nationalities, but the book’s authors later decided to drop this idea so as "not to offend anyone", said Mr. Kalinin.

"The old conflict between Russian heroes and non-Slavic invaders is being revived," Yevgeny Varshaver, a migration expert told BBC Russian. He also suggested that the language used in the book would be "difficult" to understand for some migrants who were not native Russian speakers.

C. cooperators  D. opponents

A. to find well-paid jobs  B. to have a new lifestyle

C. to enjoy the fine climate  D. to experience a new culture

B. the purpose of publishing the handbook

C. the measures to attract foreign migrants

D. characters and their functions in Russian fairytales

11. Which of the following would be the best title of the text?

A. Ways to help foreign migrants to settle in Russia

B. Characters from Russian fairy tales have new jobs

C. More and more foreign migrants to work in Moscow

D. Moscow fairy tale comics to help migrants behave

D

In this Pennsylvania city, Pittsburgh is shrinking but getting wealthier. Since 2000, its population has declined by 95,000 while its income per capita ( 人均 ) has shot up 24 percent. The trend is taking hold in many other cities, like Buffalo in New York, Providence in Rhode Island and New Orleans.

Some of these areas have created more high-paying jobs in energy, health care or education. Others have managed to reshape their producing industry for a new economy. Higher-paying jobs have a greater effect because they create demand for additional services. "The story in Pittsburgh is very positive, and other areas are looking at it as an example of the transformation that might be possible , ”said Guhan Venkatu, who wrote an economic history of the area called “Rust and Renewal” for the Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland.

Carnegie Mellon University and the University of Pittsburgh have helped bring tech jobs and innovation( 革新 ) to the area by sponsoring tech centers that help graduates start companies without moving to Silicon Valley or San Francisco. This has helped keep Pittsburgh's educated young population growing even as the entire population in the city has dropped.

12. In what aspect does Pittsburgh set a good example?

A. Transforming old energy into new energy.

B. Creating more well-paid jobs.

C. Prohibiting the manufacturing.

D. Sponsoring higher education.

13. How do some academic institutions help with the local economy?

A. By helping to attract more talents from other areas.

B. By providing much technical support to local companies.

C. By hosting tech centers for local educated graduates.

D. By assisting in employing a large number of educated youths.

14. Why is Patrick Adler mentioned in the last paragraph?

B. To suggest increasing high-paying jobs.

C. To raise doubts about growing income per capita.

D. To tell a reason why lower-skilled workers flee.

15. What can be a suitable title for the text?

A. How Fast Job Growth Is Related to Population Growth

B. How Less-crowded Cities Plan Their High-tech Economy

C. Why Some Cities Are Losing People but Getting Wealthier

D. Why Some Cities Are Suffering From a Shrinking Population

第二节  ( 共 5 小题;每小题 2 分,满分 10 分 )

根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

They are unable to deal with students with different background. Needless to say, a classroom is a place where individual attention and creativity matter most. Therefore, computers are no better than other tools used by teachers and couldn’t possibly make the roles played by them weaker.

A. It’s time that teachers should develop themselves.

B. Without this kind of interaction, education is unimaginable.

C. Advanced as computers may be, some teachers are less impatient.

D. But to make a good teacher means far more than being an encyclopedia ( 百科全书 ).

E. People can’t help wondering whether teachers are as important as they once were.

F. Some drawbacks make it impossible for computers to replace teachers in classrooms.

G. It is well known that computers are better at repetitive work but incapable of creative thinking.

第三部分   语言知识运用 ( 共两节,满分 45 分 )

第一节  ( 共 20 小题;每小题 1.5 分,满分 30 分 )

阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的 A 、 B 、 C 和 D 四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

21. A. disturb  B. employ  C. affect  D. describe

22. A. communicating  B. singing  C. arguing  D. explaining

24. A. make for  B. put off  C. figure out  D. escape from

25. A. workers  B. nurses  C. doctors  D. patients

26. A. job  B. inspiration  C. gesture  D. favor

27. A. business  B. connection  C. difference  D. trouble

28. A. lonely  B. upset  C. ill  D. poor

29. A. 1etter  B. message  C. note  D. warning

30. A. window  B. entrance  C. wall  D. door

31. A. impolite  B. necessary  C. familiar  D. precious

32. A. record  B. return  C. recover  D. remember

33. A. puzzled  B. worried  C. thrilled  D. annoyed

34. A. knocked  B. installed  C. placed  D. drew

35. A. came down  B. broke down  C. showed up  D. turned around

36. A. shared  B. found  C. mentioned  D. deleted

37. A. happened  B. succeeded  C. spread  D. formed

38. A. expensive  B. free  C. ordinary  D. cheap

39. A. participation  B. satisfaction  C. solution  D. introduction

40. A. merely  B. apparently  C. especially  D. willingly

第二节  ( 共 10 小题 ; 每小题 L5 分 , 满分 15 分 )

阅读下面短文在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

第四部分   写作 ( 共两节,满分 35 分 )

第一节   短文改错 ( 共 10 小题;每小题 1 分,满分 10 分 )

51 . 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文 , 请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有   10  处错误,每句中最多有三处。错误涉及一个单词的增加,删除或修改。

增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号( ∧ ),并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除:把多余的词用(\)划掉。

修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意: 1 、每处错误及其修改仅限一词;

2 、只允许修改 10 处,多者(从第 11 处起)不计分。

Recently, as the development of the Internet, there is a kind of language calling the Web Language. The other day our class have a discussion about whether we should welcome the Web Language. Forty percent of students think it ridiculous. In their opinions, it can’t help people communicating, nor is it useful for learning English. Besides, it will make Chinese more standard, finally ruining our mother tongue. However, 60% of our class are fond of it. They think it simply , convenient and helpful in expressing themselves. Personally, I don’t think that a good habit to use the Web Language. It may be popular, but you may also make yourself be misunderstood.

第二节   书面表达 ( 满分 25 分 )

52. 你校英语节组织 “ 你最喜爱的卡通电影人物 ” 英语征文评选。你打算推荐 “ 花木兰 ” ,请你根据以下提示写一篇短文参加评选。

( 1 ) 简述木兰代父从军的故事;

( 2 )   你喜欢这一角色的理由。

2023高考全国卷语文模拟试题

注意事项:

1.答卷前,考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己姓名和考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。

2.选择题每小题选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案信息号涂黑,如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其它答案,答案不能答在试卷上。

3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答,答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上;如需改动,先划掉原来的答案,然后再写上新的答案;不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。

4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束后,将答题卡交回。

2023高考数学模拟试题及答案

考试时间:120分钟满分:150分

注意事项:

本试卷由第Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ卷两部分组成.第Ⅰ卷选择题部分,一律用2B铅笔按题号依次填涂在答题卡上;第Ⅱ卷非选择题部分,按要求答在答题卡相应位置上.

第Ⅰ卷选择题

一、单选题:本大题共8道小题,每小题5分,共40分:

1. 若集合

2. 已知复数

3. 已知双曲线

4. 已知一个圆柱上、下底面的圆周都在同一个球面上,球的直径为10,圆柱底面直径为6,则圆柱的侧面积为()

A.

5. 已知某药店只有

8. 唐代诗人李颀的诗《古从军行》开头两句说:“白日登山望烽火,黄昏饮马傍交河.”诗中隐含着一个有趣的数学问题—“将军饮马”问题,即将军在观望烽火之后从山脚下某处出发,先到河边饮马后再回军营,怎样走才能使总路程最短?在平面直角坐标系中,设军营所在区域为

二、多选题:本大题共4道小题,每小题5分,共20分.

9. 已知

B. 若

C. 若

D. 若

10. 下列说法中,正确的命题是()

A. 已知随机变量

B. 线性相关系数

D. 若样本数据

12. 已知

C. 若

D. 若

2023年高考英语模拟试题及答案

(试卷满分150分,考试时间120分钟)

考生注意事项:

1.答卷前,着生务必将自已的姓名、准考证号填写在答題卡上。

2.回蓉选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用 2B 铅笔把答題卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时,将答案写在答题卡上,写在本试卷上无效。

第一部分听力(共20小题;共两节,满分30分)(略)

第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)

第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)

阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、BC和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。

2023年高考语文模拟试题与答案

(满分150分,考试时间150分钟)

注意事项:

1.答题前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上,并将条形码准确粘贴在条形码区域内。

2.回答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时,将答案写在答题卡上,写在本试卷上无效。

3.考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

一、现代文阅读(36分)

(一)论述类文本阅读(本题共3小题,9分)

阅读下面的文字,完成1~3题。

“资源”这一概念,可以有狭义和广义两种理解。狭义的资源是指人类生产活动所需要的、在自然界存在的物质(材料)和动力的天然来源。广义的资源,则是指人类用来帮助从事一定活动、以达到一定目的的一切要素和有利条件的总和。简单地说,资源就是人类活动所必需的一切东西。从形态上看,人类资源可分为两大类:一类是可以贮存、节约的资源,如资金、材料、能源等;另一类是不可贮存、节约的资源,如时间、注意力、记忆力、思维能力等。在信息社会中,正确认知注意力资源,具有重要意义。

为什么说注意力是一种资源呢?人类活动的一个重要特征是它的定向性,即有意识、有计划地达到一定的目的。人类活动的定向性,要求人在活动过程中,必须使自己的意志服从这个过程的目标。人的定向活动是由提出的任何或某种活动计划来组织的,而要完成这种组织活动,一个重要的、不可缺少的心理因素就是注意力。所以,注意是人的活动的基本特征,是人的有目的活动和定向探索活动的前提,是人的活动达到既定目标的必要条件;注意力决定任务完成的效率和成果的质量,是人类活动不可缺少的一种要素,是一种重要的资源。

人的心理过程的一个最基本特征是它的选择性和指向性。当我们的心理活动指向和集中于一定事物时,就是注意。注意和认识过程分不开,它是一切认识过程的开端。虽然注意不是一种独立的认识活动,但它表现在认识过程(知觉、记忆、思维等)的内部而与这些过程不可分离,在人的一切活动中起着重要的作用,它对人的各种心理过程和操作活动均有调节作用。注意力表现了人的心理过程进行的动力特征,是人的个性品质和能力结构的重要因素。没有高度发展的注意力,就不能有效地从事各种活动,就不能从事长时间的复杂的思维活动。

(节选自李志昌《信息资源和注意力资源的关系》,有删改)

A.资源包括材料、能源、时间、信息、注意力等,有狭义、广义之分,有的可以贮存、节约,有的不能贮存、节约。

B.心理活动指向和集中于某一事物时就是注意,注意是认识过程的开端,对人的各种心理过程和操作活动均有调节作用。

C.注意力决定任务完成的效率和成果的质量,体现了人的个性品质和能力结构,是一种不可或缺的心理因素。

D.在情况多变、竞争激烈、信息爆炸的时代,人们从事各种活动,尤其从事各种思维活动,必须拥有高度发展的注意力。

2.下列语句的含义,不能体现“注意力”重要性的一项是(3分)

A.右手画圆,左手画方,不能两成。

B.兼听则明,偏听则暗。

C.目不能两视而明,耳不能两听而聪。

D.蚓无爪牙之利,筋骨之强,上食埃土,下饮黄泉,用心一也。

提并论,等同看待。

B.信息是一种重要资源,注意力也是一种重要资源。在任何时候,人的注意力都是一种稀缺资

源。

C.从注意力资源稀缺的角度看,在某些次要的或无关的方面,“信息闭塞”排除了一些无谓的

干扰,可能也是有好处的。

D.合理、有效地分配、使用注意力是成功的要素,不能合理使用注意力将会导致人一事无成。

(二)实用类文本阅读(本题共3小题,12分)

阅读下面的文字,完成4~6题。

材料一:

CRISPR其实是存在于细菌和古菌体内,用来保护自己免受病毒攻击的一种防御系统,它是DNA分子中一系列重复的序列,并且这些序列之间存在“spacers”(间隔)。细菌会将病毒的DNA整合到自己的基因组中,使这种病毒DNA最终成为CRISPR序列中的“spacers”。总是位于CRISPR附近的基因,被称为Cas基因,它们会产生与CRISPR共同进化的酶。在激活状态下,这些Cas酶能够充当切割DNA的“分子剪刀”。人们熟知的Cas9就是一种有强大切割作用的酶,它在向导RNA的指引下能够对各种入侵的外来DNA分子进行切割。CRISPR可以在同种病毒再次发起攻击时,记住这种病毒并发送向导RNA和Cas酶来定位和破坏病毒,从而给予细菌保护或免疫力。

“基因魔剪”已小试牛刀,但还远没有达到雄霸天下的程度,刚刚起步5年的CRISPR/Cas9技术,还有巨大的应用空间。阻断遗传病、消灭肿瘤、延长寿命乃至物种升级,才是人们的希望之巅。因此,在变成“双刃剑”之前,“基因魔剪”还可以大胆地攻城略地。

2023年高考语文模拟试题与答案

(满分150分,考试时间150分钟)

注意事项:

1.答题前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上,并将条形码准确粘贴在条形码区域内。

2.回答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时,将答案写在答题卡上,写在本试卷上无效。

3.考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

一、现代文阅读(36分)

(一)论述类文本阅读(本题共3小题,9分)

阅读下面的文字,完成1~3题。

“资源”这一概念,可以有狭义和广义两种理解。狭义的资源是指人类生产活动所需要的、在自然界存在的物质(材料)和动力的天然来源。广义的资源,则是指人类用来帮助从事一定活动、以达到一定目的的一切要素和有利条件的总和。简单地说,资源就是人类活动所必需的一切东西。从形态上看,人类资源可分为两大类:一类是可以贮存、节约的资源,如资金、材料、能源等;另一类是不可贮存、节约的资源,如时间、注意力、记忆力、思维能力等。在信息社会中,正确认知注意力资源,具有重要意义。

为什么说注意力是一种资源呢?人类活动的一个重要特征是它的定向性,即有意识、有计划地达到一定的目的。人类活动的定向性,要求人在活动过程中,必须使自己的意志服从这个过程的目标。人的定向活动是由提出的任何或某种活动计划来组织的,而要完成这种组织活动,一个重要的、不可缺少的心理因素就是注意力。所以,注意是人的活动的基本特征,是人的有目的活动和定向探索活动的前提,是人的活动达到既定目标的必要条件;注意力决定任务完成的效率和成果的质量,是人类活动不可缺少的一种要素,是一种重要的资源。

人的心理过程的一个最基本特征是它的选择性和指向性。当我们的心理活动指向和集中于一定事物时,就是注意。注意和认识过程分不开,它是一切认识过程的开端。虽然注意不是一种独立的认识活动,但它表现在认识过程(知觉、记忆、思维等)的内部而与这些过程不可分离,在人的一切活动中起着重要的作用,它对人的各种心理过程和操作活动均有调节作用。注意力表现了人的心理过程进行的动力特征,是人的个性品质和能力结构的重要因素。没有高度发展的注意力,就不能有效地从事各种活动,就不能从事长时间的复杂的思维活动。

(节选自李志昌《信息资源和注意力资源的关系》,有删改)

A.资源包括材料、能源、时间、信息、注意力等,有狭义、广义之分,有的可以贮存、节约,有的不能贮存、节约。

B.心理活动指向和集中于某一事物时就是注意,注意是认识过程的开端,对人的各种心理过程和操作活动均有调节作用。

C.注意力决定任务完成的效率和成果的质量,体现了人的个性品质和能力结构,是一种不可或缺的心理因素。

D.在情况多变、竞争激烈、信息爆炸的时代,人们从事各种活动,尤其从事各种思维活动,必须拥有高度发展的注意力。

2.下列语句的含义,不能体现“注意力”重要性的一项是(3分)

A.右手画圆,左手画方,不能两成。

B.兼听则明,偏听则暗。

C.目不能两视而明,耳不能两听而聪。

D.蚓无爪牙之利,筋骨之强,上食埃土,下饮黄泉,用心一也。

提并论,等同看待。

B.信息是一种重要资源,注意力也是一种重要资源。在任何时候,人的注意力都是一种稀缺资

源。

C.从注意力资源稀缺的角度看,在某些次要的或无关的方面,“信息闭塞”排除了一些无谓的

干扰,可能也是有好处的。

D.合理、有效地分配、使用注意力是成功的要素,不能合理使用注意力将会导致人一事无成。

(二)实用类文本阅读(本题共3小题,12分)

阅读下面的文字,完成4~6题。

材料一:

CRISPR其实是存在于细菌和古菌体内,用来保护自己免受病毒攻击的一种防御系统,它是DNA分子中一系列重复的序列,并且这些序列之间存在“spacers”(间隔)。细菌会将病毒的DNA整合到自己的基因组中,使这种病毒DNA最终成为CRISPR序列中的“spacers”。总是位于CRISPR附近的基因,被称为Cas基因,它们会产生与CRISPR共同进化的酶。在激活状态下,这些Cas酶能够充当切割DNA的“分子剪刀”。人们熟知的Cas9就是一种有强大切割作用的酶,它在向导RNA的指引下能够对各种入侵的外来DNA分子进行切割。CRISPR可以在同种病毒再次发起攻击时,记住这种病毒并发送向导RNA和Cas酶来定位和破坏病毒,从而给予细菌保护或免疫力。

“基因魔剪”已小试牛刀,但还远没有达到雄霸天下的程度,刚刚起步5年的CRISPR/Cas9技术,还有巨大的应用空间。阻断遗传病、消灭肿瘤、延长寿命乃至物种升级,才是人们的希望之巅。因此,在变成“双刃剑”之前,“基因魔剪”还可以大胆地攻城略地。

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